Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a leading cause of vision loss in people aged 60 and older. This eye disease primarily affects your macula — a tiny part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. By Dr. Wes Heroman better understanding the two types of AMD – dry and wet – along with its causes, symptoms, and treatment options, we can demystify this complex condition.
Understanding The Two Types
While dry macular degeneration is more common, both have unique symptoms and require different treatments:
• Dry AMD: Characterized by the thinning of the macula and the accumulation of tiny protein clumps called drusen, its main symptom is blurred or reduced central vision.
• Wet AMD: This less common but more severe form results from the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the retina that leak fluid, leading to rapid central vision loss.
Recognizing The Symptoms
Dr. Wes Heroman Macular degeneration usually develops gradually and painlessly. In many people, the first signs are distorted vision or blind spots in their central field of vision. On the other hand, wet AMD symptoms often appear suddenly and worsen rapidly.
At-Risk Populations
It’s vital to understand that certain factors increase your risk for AMD:
• Age: Being over 60 puts you at higher risk.
• Heredity: A family history of AMD increases your chances of developing the condition.
• Race: It is more common in Caucasians than in African-Americans or Hispanics/Latinos.
• Lifestyle: Smoking doubles the risk of AMD.
Macular Degeneration Treatment Plans
While there’s no known cure for AMD, many treatments can slow disease progression and help retain vision. As Dr. Wes Heroman confirms, early detection is key to preserving vision as it opens up a vast variety of treatment options:
• For dry AMD: Antioxidant vitamins and zinc may reduce disease progression. A consultation with your eye doctor is essential before taking these supplements.
• For wet AMD: Prescription eye injections, laser therapy, or photodynamic therapy, where a light-sensitive drug is used to close leaking vessels, can be treatment options.
Closing Thoughts: Staying Informed, Staying Prepared
While macular degeneration can understandably sound scary, knowledge is power. Understanding the disease, recognizing the symptoms early, and consulting with a professional can dramatically slow vision loss and improve your quality of life.